MADRID - Real Madrid's intention to recruit Luka Modric be fine cuisine Spanish media. More recently, Marca estimate the number to be charged back Modric if so join Real Madrid.
If so join Real Madrid, Modric will not have a chance to wear the uniform back numbered 10 and 14. Because the man was 26 years been synonymous with the costume back numbered 10 and 14. When I was with Dynamo Zagreb, Modric back wearing the number 14 and re-wear the same number back at Tottenham Hotspur.
While the Croatian national team, Modric back wearing the number 10 after it was put on the back number 14.
At Real Madrid, Xabi Alonso's midfield is irreplaceable, Xabi Alonso. And back number 10 and would be an important player icons Los Blancos, Mesut Ozil. This situation makes Modric should look for a new number if it be joined to the stronghold of Santiago Bernabeu.
Modric could get back number 8's Kaka. However, the decline in appearance and often reserved Kaka, Kaka likely to give it back to Modric numbers. Moreover, widely circulated Jose Mourinho Kaka despite his contract will remove the remaining three years.
However, Modric is considered the most suitable to wear the uniform number ever worn back 23 David Beckham and Rafael van der Vaart, tandemnya at Spurs.
Croatian midfielder, Luka Modric be a serious game Real Madrid in the transfer market this summer. Tottenham Hotspur, a club owner Modric fix the price of 40 million pounds, but Real Madrid insists with a bid of 35 million pounds.
'Holland to miss out to 1-2 in the 74th minute. Robin van Persie listed his name on the scoreboard after the escape of the Guard Mats Hummels.
In the first half, Germany show sharply. The proof of their two goals can even control the ball lesakkan der Panzer only 39 percent. 38 minutes into the game, Gomez made his second of the night. Again feedback breakthrough goal came from Bastian Schweinsteiger. Earlier, Mario Gomez made the Germans in front in 24 minutes.
Bastian Schweinsteiger received feedback breakthrough with high technique, playing before conquering Marten Stekelenburg. Mario Gomez is the second goal in Euro 2012 after a goal against Portugal.
Until after the game, Germany managed to beat the Netherlands by a score of 2-1 in the continuation of the group B at the Metalist Stadium in Kharkiv on Thursday (6/14/2012) early morning . Germany scored the second goal by Mario Gomez.
Congratulations for the German national team, may you be a Champion
Previous blog has provided information on the Spanish squad and the squad that will play Italy in Euro 2012 Poland-Ukraine. This time there is new information about England Squad Euro 2012. Officially, the England coach Roy Hodgson had submitted names of 23 players who will compete in the England Euro 2012.
Several British players in the squad, among others, Scott Parker, Danny Welbeck and Glen Johnson remains were taken despite new injury. Everton defender Phil Jagielka is included as a replacement for Gareth Barry, who had previously been excluded due to injury. For the position of goalkeeper John Ruddy also had to bury his dream of competing in Euro 2012 because the Norwich City goalkeeper who is a third option Hodgson suffered a fractured finger, and his position was given to Jack Butland from Birmingham club.
Well, here is the Euro 2012 England squad more:
Goalkeepers: Joe Hart (Man City), Robert Green (West Ham), Jack Butland (Birmingham)
Back: Glen Johnson (Liverpool), Phil Jones (Man United), John Terry (Chelsea), Joleon Lescott (Man City), Gary Cahill (Chelsea), Ashley Cole (Chelsea), Leighton Baines (Everton), Phil Jagielka (Everton )
Middle: Theo Walcott (Arsenal), Stewart Downing (Liverpool), Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain (Arsenal), Steven Gerrard (Liverpool), Frank Lampard (Chelsea), Scott Parker (Tottenham), Ashley Young (Man United), James Milner (Man City)
Forwards: Wayne Rooney (Man United), Danny Welbeck (Man United), Andy Carroll (Liverpool), Jermain Defoe (Tottenham).
Well, good information England squad over the useful to you. And hopefully England will win Euro 2012 in this. For those of you who want to know the Euro 2012 predictions, let's read the full info on this blog.
French national team coach, Laurent Blanc, today announced the 23 names that will be brought to the Euro 2012. Of the 26 players that came before them, Blanc has crossed two names that Yoann Gourcuff and Mapou yanga-Mbiwa. One name again, Loic Remy, should put an end to his dream of competing in the Poland-Ukraine because of injury.
Gourcuff Blanc had returned because he did not appear convincing 3-2 win over France at Iceland. Les Bleus just able to position and scored the winning goal after the former AC Milan player was pulled out.
While yanga-Mbiwa had been predicted will be excluded from the squad. In addition to inexperience, the captain of Montpellier was originally called only to fill the place of the injured Younes Kaboul.
Losing three players are certainly not going to reduce the power of France at Euro 2012. That's because the 23 names that exist, there is still a lot of star players like Franck Ribery, Karim Benzema, Samir Nasri, Hatem Ben Arfa, Philippe Mexes, et al.
France still has two scheduled a friendly against Serbia (May 31) and Estonia (June 4) before starting the action in Group D against England on June 11.
Here is the French squad for Euro 2012:
Goalkeepers: Cedric Carrasso (Bordeaux), Hugo Lloris (Lyon), Steve Mandanda (Marseille) Defenders: Gael Clichy (Manchester City), Mathieu Debuchy (Lille), Patrice Evra (Manchester United), Laurent Koscielny (Arsenal), Philippe Mexes (AC Milan), Adil Rami (Valencia), Anthony Reveillere (Lyon)
At night it was held back big-match duel between the two biggest football nations in europe at this time the Spanish and Italian. The game itself will be broadcast live by RCTI at 23:00 pm tonight.
In Group C match between Spain vs Italy is a derby match next after the match was held last night was too big match between Germany vs Portugal where the Germans had memnangkan game with a 1-0 score a single goal by Mario Gomez. In this game both Italy mauupun spain had the same squad that they've brought in before the European Cup European Cup 2008 in Austria and Switzerland. In addition to the match between Spain vs Italy, in group C alone there are other exciting match between Ireland vs Croatia which in fact is no less exciting tension with a match Spain vs. Italy.
Many football experts mmenyebutkan that the match between Spain and Italy will take place balanced from all sides, especially for italiia a lot of young players brought in the European Cup this time. while the Spaniards as the defending champion will not be to simply stay put. As the number one team in the FIFA world. Spain also wanted to retain the title at once menoroh Hatrick or so-called Treeble Winners. The team was made by Luis Aragones does have a mature player in each line. Therefore, the prediction Spain vs Italy memangg hard to guess who wins. to strengthen the prediction of material, therefore I try to love the game of statistical data so that we can analiisa deeper.
Head to Head match Spain vs. Italy:
11 Aug 2011, Italy vs Spain 2-1
Jun 23 2008, Spain vs Italy 0-0
March 27, 2008, Spain vs Italy 1-0
Last Five Matches Spain:
June 4, 2012, Spain vs. China 1-0
May 31, 2012, South Korea vs Spain 4-1
May 26, 2012, Spain vs Serbia 2-0
March 1, 2012, Spain vs Venezuela 5-0
November 16, 2011, Costa Rica vs. Spain 2-2
Last Five Matches Italy:
June 2, 2012, Italy vs Russia 0-3
March 1, 2012, Italy vs USA 0-1
November 16, 2011, Italy vs Uruguay 0-1
November 12, 2011,
Poland vs Italy 0-2 October 12, 2011,
Northern Ireland vs Italy 3-0
Players Line Up Prediction Spain vs Italy: Spain: Casillas, Ramos, Pique, Alba, Xavi, Alonso, Iniesta, Busquets, Cazorla, Silva, Torres. Italy: Buffon, Bonucci, Ogbonna, De Rossi, Pirlo, Marchisio, Motta, Nocerino, Montolivo, Cassano, Giovinco.
from these data that there is enough to prove that Spaniards are more prepared in this game, because of their last five games the result was fairly good. While the Italians in the last three always defeat. Therefore, think about what is Predicted Score Spain vs Italy? And how are the other Group C match the predictions of Ireland vs Croatia?
Krakow - The world never shocked by the phenomenon of Paul the octopus in the 2010 World Cup. Like to follow the example of the confusion, the Polish-Ukraine was 'commissioned' the elephant and the pig to be 'clairvoyant'.
Krakow in Poland zoo has hired top of an elephant named Citta to predict the results of the European Cup. 33 year old female elephant was chosen to set aside some "colleagues" like a donkey, parrot, and the other elephants, after a successful guess Chelsea will reach Champions League title.
While in Ukraine, a pig by the owner named Psychic, also 'assigned' similar to the Citta. Pigs are said to like to drink beer and snacking on chips while watching television was introduced to the public next Tuesday (22/05/2012) yesterday.
The second method used to guess the outcome of the game animals were approximately equal to the methods used by Paul. They will choose foods that are placed on two plates that have been labeled the flag state.
How precise prediction of the beast? We take a look at the European Cup last June 8 until July 1. Survivors 'duty', Citta and Psychic.
Euro 2012 organizers began detailing a list of the arrival of the participants. In Ukraine, the participants began to come on June 6, 2012.
Director of Euro 2012 in Ukraine, Markiyan Lubkivsky told a news conference as reported by Reuters calls Ukraine home team in Group D is joined to the first participant to come. Ukraine will return from their training camp in Turkey to Kyiv, June 6, 2012.
On the same day, the Swedish team in Group D also comes in Kyiv. Group D other contestants, France will be present on that day, but to his headquarters in Donetsk.
That inhabit the Netherlands and Denmark in Group B is present in Kharkiv on June 8, 2012. Two other teams in Group B, Germany and Portugal came to Lviv in the same day.
Meanwhile, the British who are in Group D is present in Donetsk on June 10, 2012. Lubkivsky said that Ukraine, Sweden and France will be based in Ukraine for Euro 2012.
Other teams based in Poland. They will fly by plane from Poland to carry out the match in Ukraine. Euro 2012 will be held in Poland and Ukraine on 8 June to 1 July 2012.
Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft Jakarta shattered on the cliffs of Mount Salak. PT Trimarga Rekatama assumed as representative of Sukhoi aircraft crashed into a cliff and then exploded. However, the possibility that the plane did not burn, because there is no visible charred area.
"The plane crashed into a cliff and crashed when it exploded," said Sunaryo of PT Trimarga Rekatama when contacted by AFP on Thursday (5/10/2012). Trimarga Sukhoi is an agent in Indonesia.
But according to him, was not found traces of burning in the vicinity. Evacuation team reported that there are found only rubble.
"Yes, there is no trace of the photo on fire," he explained.
The aircraft was called missing on Wednesday (9/5). Undertaking a joy flight plane with 45 people in the cabin. But the area around Mount Salak plane dropped from an altitude of 10 thousand feet to six thousand feet.
Jakarta - Sukhoi Superjet 100 (SSJ 100) notes scrawled in the dark history of flight. In flight 'promotion' in Indonesia, SSJ 100 fared quite unlucky.
Head of Russia SAR suspect aircraft manufacturer that carries 50 people crashed in the area of Mount Salak, West Java. However, until now there is no certainty.
From the data collected the media, Thursday (10/05/2012), SSJ 100 is a long-distance aircraft with regional capabilities in which the capacity of approximately 100 passengers. SSJ 100 was developed as well as designed and manufactured Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company (SCAC) in cooperation with the Alinea Aeronautica.
Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company is a subsidiary of United Aviation Corporation which manufactures civilian aircraft.
Who does not know Sukhoi? Military units have been very famous Sukhoi fighter who has the ability bermanuvernya. RI itself has had several Sukhoi fighter aircraft production.
How does the track record of passenger aircraft? Yes through the SSJ 100 aircraft is the Russian manufacturers expect much. Pretext SSJ 100 successfully underwent its first flight in May 2008. This aircraft has a maximum cruising speed capability 0.81 the speed of sound (Mach 0.81) and reached an altitude of 40 000 feet.
SSJ 100 can operate (take off and landing) at an airport that has a runway length of 1731 meters (basic version range) and up to 2052 meters (long range version).
In the February 2011 and has achieved SSJ 100 Type Certificate (Type Certification) from the Certification Authority of Russia (the Russian Certification Authority IAC AR) and the expected certification of the European Union Aviation Authority (EASA) will be obtained in 2011. The first production of SSJ 100 have been delivered on 19April 2011 to Armavia Airline, a civil aviation company in Armenia.
It attracted national private airline, PT Sky Aviation. Sky Aviation plans to strengthen its fleet by buying 12 aircraft Sukhoi Super Jet 100 (SSJ 100) worth U.S. $ 380.4 SCAC.
"We sincerely hope that the aircraft can be received on August 17, 2012. We have prepared a number of routes, both domestic, international and regional routes for the operation of the SSJ 100 airplanes," explains Managing Director of Sky Aviation Krisman Tarigan in Jakarta, late last year 2011.
The plan SSJ 100 aircraft will be operated on routes evenly in West Indonesia (Sumatra and Java), Central Indonesia (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali and NTT) and the Eastern Indonesia (Maluku and Papua).
"With Fleet SSJ 100, Sky Aviation will open the flight routes between cities in Kalimantan that has not been serviced and ready to serve the community in the islands of Sulawesi, NTT, Maluku and Papua. Addition SSJ 100 airplanes, we will also add to the fleet with Sky Lander aircraft (19 passenger capacity) of 10 pieces, "he added.
Sky Aviation is a unit Petroneks Energy Group is a relatively new airline, pocketing the AOC 135 -144 of the Ministry of Transportation on May 14, 2009 and Business Licenses Scheduled Commercial Air Transportation on March 8, 2010.
Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company president, Vladimir Prisyazhnyuk expressed his delight to work with Sky Aviation.
"The performance of the Sukhoi Superjet 100 will support the development of network-route Sky Aviation. We are optimistic that the aircraft could be delivered in August 2012," he said.
In Indonesia, there are two airlines that have been cooperating with the SCAC and PT Kartika Airlines Merukh Ama Coal as the owner of PT Dirgantara Air Service and PT Sabang Merauke Air Charter (SMAC).
But at the beginning of the flight, SSJ 100 recorded bad history with the ill-fated incident. The plane lost contact after a 21 minute flight from Halim Perdanakusumah air base in the framework of its promotional flight.
SSJ 100 is expected to fall this makes all the local and international media to highlight sharp. This incident is the worst incident SSJ 100.
Based on the record of Russia Today, Wednesday (09/05/2012), there are some incidents that accompany the operation of this Russian-made aircraft. The incident happened just a minor incident. None of the incidents that resulted in injury or death of passengers in it.
The following incidents Sukhoi Superjet 100 experienced:
A. May 6, 2012, SSJ-100 exit off the runway while landing at the airport Kazan, Russia.
2. March 16, 2012, jet aircraft must turn back and return to Moscow for a flight to Astrakhan after crews found the landing gear can not be used fully.
3. December 25, 2011, SSJ-95 flight, which is a modification SUPERJET, from Minsk, Belarus, was canceled due to landing gear failure. The aircraft then returned to Moscow without a passenger.
While the latest case is lost the contact plane is SUPERJET around Bogor, West Java, on Wednesday afternoon (05/09/2012) at 14:33 pm. There are 50 people on the plane, where 8 people are Russian citizens.
According to a former test pilot from Russia, Magomed Tolboev, some areas of Jakarta has a rugged terrain. Tolboev previously been flying in this region.
"There is a field with mountains as high as 6158 feet. It's difficult," he told Russia Today.
"The pilot should be able to see the mountain because it is very modern aircraft. Aircraft is equipped with the latest aviation equipment," added Tolboev.
Sukhoi Superjet 100 is missing in the area of Mount Salak, Bogor, on Wednesday (9/05/2012) allegedly fell in the crater of the Queen, Pamijahan Subdistrict, Bogor Regency. It is based on the last coordinates of the point at 14:33 before the plane lost contact with ATC Perdakusuma Halim Airport.
SAR Jakarta head Ketut Parwa explained, although the last point of the coordinate plane is known, but it could not confirm whether the aircraft berpenumpang 40 people went down in that position.
London - Chelsea won the FA Cup season 2011/2012. In the final match against Liverpool at the New Wembley on Sunday (05/06/2012) pm dawn, the Blues won with a score of 2-1.
Appears dominant from the beginning of the game, Chelsea's first two goals each by Ramires in the 11th minute and Didier Drogba on 52 minutes. While Liverpool made a goal back on 64 minutes Andy Carroll.
This victory was so great achievements with Chelsea caretaker Roberto Di Matteo. The Blues could even win a trophy again if victorious in the Champions League final to face Bayern Munich two weeks from now. Overall, this is the seventh title of 'The Blue' in the FA Cup.
While for Liverpool, a score of 1-2 to make them have dashed hopes for the doubles title this season. Steven Gerrard et al had already lifted the trophy from the English League Cup.
The game
The first chance of the match Liverpool vs Chelsea directly led to touchdowns on 11 minutes. A pass from Juan Mata breakthrough, Ramires had pierced from midfield into the penalty box Liverpool. Once movement is unstoppable Jose Enrique, Ramires kick in the penalty box to the pole near Pepe Reina failed driven. Chelsea 1-0.
Two minutes later Liverpool almost equalized. Craig Bellamy kick from the outer edge of the box body terhadang Branislav Ivanovic in the face of goal.
In the next minute Chelsea appear more dominant in the control of the ball, but once they were able to create other opportunities. While Liverpool failed to develop the game, Luis Suarez on the front lines almost helpless as isolated defender Chelsea.
Just four minutes before the break the Reds have a chance. Henderson head of the bait, Suarez's header from inside the box was too weak and broad direction.
The second half has been running for seven minutes, Chelsea managed to increase the advantage. This time Didier Drogba, who listed his name on the scoreboard and make the Blues a 2-0 lead.
Chelsea's second goal with a very neatly constructed from the middle of the field through short passes. Sodoran got the ball from Frank Lampard, Drogba managed to keep the skin round the convoy despite Martin Skrtel. Horizontal kick the Ivory Coast striker was released leading to the far post and back to Pepe Reina failed driven.
The inclusion of Andy Carroll in the 55th minute a big impact for Liverpool. It's expensive striker scored a goal that changed the position to be 2-1 in 64 minutes. The goal originated from Ivanovic who lost the ball on the right side of the Chelsea defense. Can a loose ball, Carroll had fired a shot despite the tight escort John Terry. Hard kick her release from the penalty box led to the side of the goal. Score was changed to 2-1.
Goal is to raise Liverpool game, they now turn to dominate the match and Chelsea continued to press. One of the best opportunities come when the bait is diagonal from the right side successfully Suarez Carroll headlong into the goal, though later pushed out by Petr Cech. From this moment, it seems Liverpool managed to equalize, in which players they have started berselebrasi.
But the referee said no goals in the moment. Impressions later confirmed the referee's decision just because the ball has not completely crossed the goal line while flying through the air and Cech was swiftly dismissed out. Score was 2-1 to Chelsea.
In the period of injury time Liverpool had another chance when Carroll can pass the ball and in the penalty box. Luckily for the Blues, Terry Carroll managed to block the kick hard as she fell.
Broadly speaking, insurance consists of three categories, namely:
Insurance
Consists of insurance for property (property, vehicles), a financial interest (pecuniary), the legal responsibility (liability) and self-insurance (accident or health).
life insurance
Essentially a form of cooperation between the people who avoid or at least reduce the risks posed by the risk of death (which would happen but not sure when it happened), the risk of old age (which is bound to occur and can be expected when it happened, but it is uncertain how old) and the risk of accidents (which is not inevitable, but not impossible). Where cooperation is coordinated by the insurance company, which works on the basis of the law of large numbers (the law of large numbers), which spread the risk to people who want to cooperate. Included in programs such as life insurance: insurance for education, retirement, investment, stages, health.
Social Insurance
Social insurance is compulsory insurance program organized by the government under the Act. Intent and purpose of social insurance is to provide the basic guarantee for the public and is not intended for commercial profit.
"Insurance or coverage is an agreement between two or more parties, with which the parties committed themselves to the Insured Person, to accept insurance premiums, providing reimbursement to the insured for loss, damage or loss of expected benefits, or legal liability to third parties who may be suffered by the insured, arising out of an uncertain event, or provide a payment based on a life or death of the insured ".
Our understanding of the meaning or definition of the above will be more complete when compared with the notion of insurance set forth in article 246 K. U. H. Trade, which reads as follows:
"Insurance or coverage is an agreement by which the undertaking is binding to the insured, to receive a premium, for reimbursement to him for any damage or loss of expected benefits that might be experienced as an event that is not necessarily".
Important elements contained in the second definition is:
i) Insurance is a contract
ii) The premium is a pre-requisite agreement
iii) The party will give the turn to the Insured
iv) The possibility of the occurrence of certain events or no uncertain events
Insurance as an agreement or a commitment as other contracts subject to the laws of the engagement (the law contracts) as described in Book Third Book of the Law of Civil Law of the engagement.
For a legal contract of insurance is required 4 requirement, namely:
i) Agreed they commit themselves
ii) Ability to make an engagement
iii) A specific case
iv) A lawful cause
Insurance premiums or the cost of air-insurance is a pre-condition for the existence of insurance agreements, because in the absence of any insurance premiums will not be (No No insurance premium).
So, in other words, insurance is a form of risk control is done by way of transfer / transfer of risk from one party to another party (in this case the insurance company).
Understanding of the other insurance is a transfer of risk from the first party to another party. The delegation is controlled by rules of law and the enactment of the principles and teachings which are universally adopted by the first or the other.
The History of Insurance Insurance is a system for financial loss by channeling lower the risk of loss of a person or entity to another.
Insurance in Act 2 Th 1992 on business insurance is an agreement between two or more parties, with which the insurer is binding to the insured, by accepting the insurance premium, to provide reimbursement to the insured for loss, damage or loss of expected profit or legal liability to third parties that may be suffered by the insured, arising out of an uncertain event, or provide a payment based on death or life of an insured person.
Agencies that distribute the risks referred to "the insured", and accept the risk of loss is called "the insurer". The agreement between the two bodies is called the policy: This is a legal contract that explains all the terms and conditions protected. Fees paid by "tetanggung" to the "insurer" for the risks covered by so-called "premium". This is usually determined by the "insurer" for funds that can be claimed in the future, administrative costs, and profits.
For example, a couple bought a house for Rp. 100 million. Knowing that the loss of their homes would lead them to financial ruin, they take insurance protection in the form of home ownership policy. The policy will pay for replacement or repair their homes in case of disaster. Insurance companies on their premiums amounting to Rp1 million per year. The risk of losing their homes have been channeled from the homeowner to the insurance company.
Insurers use actuarial science to calculate the risks they expect. Actuarial science uses mathematics, especially statistics and probability, which can be used to hedge risks for expected claims in the future with reliable accuracy.
For example, many people buy homeowner's insurance policy and then they pay a premium to the insurance company. If the loss of a protected place, the insurer must pay the claim. For some of the insured, the insurance benefits they receive much greater than the money they had paid to the insurer. Others may not make a claim. When averaged over the whole policy of the sale, total claims paid out less than the total premiums paid to the insured, the difference is the cost and benefit.
Insurance companies also earn investment profits. Is obtained from the investment premiums received until they have to pay the claim. This money is called "float". Insurers can benefit or harm from price changes and interest rates float or dividends on the float. In the United States, loss of property and deaths recorded by the insurance company is U.S. $ 142.3 billion in the five years ending in 2003. But the total profit in the same period was U.S. $ 68.4 billion, as a result of the float.
Some people think of insurance as a form of betting which is valid for a period of policy. Property insurance companies are betting that buyers will not be lost when the buyer pays the money. Differences in fees paid to the insurance company against the amount they can receive when the accident occurred about the same as if someone bet on horse racing (eg, 10 vs. 1). For this reason, some religious groups including the Amish avoid insurance and rely on the support received by their communities when disasters strike. In the community and supports a close relationship in which people can help each other to rebuild lost property, this plan can work. Most people can not effectively support the system as above and the system will not work for large risks
INSURANCE HISTORY
2250 years BC
Insurance concept stems from circa 2250 BC by the Babylonian hidupdi Euphrates valley region and the Tigris. At the time when a pemilikkapal need funding to operate a boat or do suatuusaha trade, he can borrow money from a merchant (Creditors) USING ship as collateral with the agreement that the owner kapaldibebaskan of its debt payments if the vessel is safe sampaitujuan, in addition to a sum of money as return for the risks that have been dipikuloleh pinjaman.Kita giver may assume additional costs can be considered similar to "uangpremi" known in the insurance now. In addition to the ship which is used as collateral, charge goods (cargo) can also be used as jaminanberupa). Such transactions are called "RESPONDENT / A CONTRACT". Then padaakhirnya transactions is growing.
The year 215 BC
In the year 215 BC the Roman Empire was urged by the Government of the royal army supplies Supplierpelengkapan and to accept the concept of their yangmelindungi against all risk of loss they suffered atasbarang their belongings on the ship as a result of any hazard maritimseperti serangah enemies and storms.
50 BC
CICERO in approximately 50 BC gave an explanation of the practice pemberianproteksi or guarantee the safety of sending money and letters suratberharga during the trip. In return the party back-diberiproteksi provide such services in the form of cash contributions to the protection pihakpemberi.
50 BC - 200 AD
Emperor Claudius issued a guarantee to the importer against semuakerugian they suffered due to wind storm. Obviously in this case about 200 dikenakanpula premi.Pada this in Romans grew associations yangdisebut "collegia" which is a social activity for one of them, raise money for funeral expenses ataugugur members who die on the battlefield. The slaves were forming collegia with tujuanapabila later died could be buried properly (called collegia Nititum).
MILAN - AC Milan legend Franco Baresi, who considered that Barcelona will be the favorites to advance to the Champions League semifinals. According to him, Pep Guardiola's troops have more chance at home to "I Rossonerri" at the Camp Nou on Tuesday or Wednesday (04/04/2012) early morning hrs.
"After the first leg, I still think Barcelona are the favorites to go forward (to the semi-finals). It's not just my opinion, but that public opinion in Italy," he said as reported by the media,
It is delivered Baresi after Milan only a goalless draw at home to Catalan club. In fact, he argues, in the game, Carles Puyol and his friends dominated the match.
However, the player who has been diving 700 games for Milan team that rate, the former team, still has a chance. Although, he realized that it was not easy because Barca will play in front of tens of thousands of loyal fans.
According Baresi, Milan has played well, but the game against Barcelona is a different matter. Baresi Barcelona hailed as a spectacular team and implement an efficient game.
"Milan has a good chance too. The most important thing is they did not concede at the San Siro. Come to Barcelona is a tough task, but the goal of the team should still be achieved," said the player who has spent his career for 20 years in Milan.
BARCELONA, Barcelona coach, Pep Guardiola, said it would implement a strategy to attack at home to AC Milan in the second leg Champions League quarter-final on Tuesday or Wednesday (04/04/2012) early morning hrs. That strategy, says Guardiola, is the only way for the team to qualify for next round.
With a goalless draw in the first leg, Barcelona could not help but do have to win the match. However, the job is not easy because of the famous Milan-style game has survived very well.
"The situation is very simple. Whoever wins will advance to the semifinals. In my view, we must continue to improve our game because Milan can score a goal in the match. In recent days, I have learned how to create chances without making our ranks are threatened , "Guardiola said as reported by Football Italia.
"I do not think about what if we conceded a goal, but I have to find ways to continue to create opportunities as much as possible," he said.
Guardiola added that the current Milan is one of the best teams in Italy are able to dominate every game with good defense. Moreover, Milan also has a number of dangerous players, one of Zlatan Ibrahimovic.
"We do not know how to survive with a good long time. If Milan to dominate, we must remain alert to it. However, we certainly will try to continue to attack in different ways. I think if the score was 3-0, we will not stop (attack), "he said.
Ahead of the Champions League quarter-finals to face AC Milan, Barcelona coach, Josep "Pep" Guardiola, revealed that the Milan players, Zlatan Ibrahimovic, was a football player in the world that can not easily be stopped. However, he believes that Barcelona striker Lionel Messi will be able to score in the second leg at Camp Nou on Tuesday or Wednesday (04/04/2012) morning.
"We took steps to stop players like Zlatan Ibrahimovic because he was so high," Pep said in a press conference as reported by the media.
Pep realize high Ibra body size would be one of its advantages in achieving high balls. For that, he hopes that his team were able to block the game is not easy to Ibra to get the ball passes through the stomach.
"If it is a high ball, we knew that it would be easy to Ibrahimovic. Therefore, we will remove him from the penalty box," he said.
Nevertheless, Pep convinced that Barca has a star player that is not less powerful than Ibra. Nothing but a smallish player, Lionel Messi, who continued to show their quality in processing the skin round.
"If you say that Messi did not score a goal against the Italians, then you know what happened. He will score goals," he said.
Associazione Calcio Milan Italy (AC Milan or Milan called it) is an Italian football club based in Milan. They played with red-striped uniform of black pants and white (sometimes black), so dubbed rossoneri ("red-blacks"). Milan is the third most successful team in the history of Italian soccer persepak, won the Serie A Italian Cup 18 times and 5 times.
The club was founded in 1899 under the name Cricket and Football Club Milan (Milan Cricket and Football Club) by Alfred Edwards, a British expatriate. As a tribute to its origins, Milan still use the English spelling of the name of his city (Milan) rather than use the Italian spelling of Milano.
History (1899 to present)
Formed early
"We're going to be a team of evil. We are the red color indicates the color of fire and black signifies the fear that will attack your opponent! " -Herbert Kilpin
The club was founded by two British expatriates, namely Alfred Edwards and Herbert Kilpin named Cricket and Football Club in Milan on December 16, 1899. At that time, Edwards became the first club president Kilpin Milan and Milan became the first team captain. 1901 season, Milan won his first title as the champion of Italian football, after beating Genoa CFC 3-0 in the final of the Italian Football Championship. In 1908, some players from Italy and the players of the Swiss do not like the Italians and British dominance in the core of Milan's squad at the time, broke away to form Internazionale of Milan.
Period GreNoLi
In the decade of the 50s, Milan feared in world football field because it has GreNoLi trio, consisting of Gunnar Gren, Gunnar Nordahl and Nils Liedholm. Three of the Swede. Gren and Nordahl operate in the sector of the front as a striker, while Liedholm support the attack as a shadow striker (playmaker). The team at this time is also inhabited by a group of quality players in his time, such as Lorenzo Buffon, Cesare Maldini and Carlo Annovazzi. AC Milan's most successful victory by Juventus created February 5, 1950, with the score 7-1, and Gunnar Nordahl scored a hat-trick.
Nereo Rocco Era
Milan back to winning the season 1961/1962. His coach then was Nereo Rocco, innovative football coach, known as the inventor of catenaccio tactics (defense latch / coated). In the team includes Gianni Rivera and José Altafini are both still young. The next season, with Altafini goals, Milan won their first European Cup (later known as the UEFA Champions League) by defeating Benfica 2-1. This is also the first time an Italian team won the European Cup.
Even so, during the 1960's trophy Milan began to shrink, mainly because of heavy resistance from the Inter-trained Helenio Herrera. The next Scudetto arrived only in 1967/1968, thanks to goals from Pierino Prati, the Serie A top scorer in the season, the Cup Winners Cup been won when it beat Hamburger SV, and also thanks to two goals of Kurt Hamrin. The next season AC Milan won the European Cup (4-1 to AFC Ajax), and in 1969 won the first Intercontinental Cup, after defeating Estudiantes de La Plata of Argentina in a dramatic two-leg (3-0, 1-2).
Tenth Scudetto and the Series B
In 1970, Milan won the Coppa Italia three titles and a Cup Winners' Cup second; however, the main purpose of Milan is the tenth Scudetto, which means a "star" for the team (in Italy, every team that won 10 league titles that star got pinned on her dress ). In 1972 they won the UEFA Cup semi-final, losing to the real winners, Tottenham Hotspur. Season 1972/1973 they almost won the scudetto kesepulh, but failed because of the painful defeat of Hellas Verona FC in the last game of the season. AC Milan wait until season 1978/1979 to reach their tenth Scudetto, led by Gianni Rivera, who retired from football after leading his team to victory.
However, the worst comes to the "Rossoneri": after winning the season 1979/1980, Milan relegated to Serie B by the FIGC, with SS Lazio, because the gambling scandal Totonero 1980. In 1980/1981, Milan won the Serie B with ease, and returned to Serie A, in which the disease recurred in the season 1981/1982, Milan relegated again.
The Dream Team
The arrival of Berlusconi
After a spate of problems hit Milan, and make the club successful loss, AC Milan bought by entrepreneurs Italy, Silvio Berlusconi. Berlusconi is a ray of hope Milan at the time. He arrived in 1986. Berlusconi brought to Milan's new coach, Arrigo Sacchi, and three Dutch players, Marco van Basten, Frank Rijkaard and Ruud Gullit, to restore the team to glory. He also bought other players, such as Roberto Donadoni, Carlo Ancelotti and Giovanni Galli.
Sacchi era
Arrigo Sacchi
Sacchi won the 1987-1988 Serie A season. In 1988-1989, Milan won the Champions League title three, defeating Steaua Bucureşti 4-0 in the finals, and his second Intercontinental Cup defeat National de Medellin (1-0, goals created in the extra period). The team began to repeat their triumph in the next seasons, beating SL Benfica, and Olimpia Asunción in 1990. The victory of their European squad is:
Goalkeepers: Giovanni Galli
Defenders: Mauro Tassotti - Alessandro Costacurta - Franco Baresi - Paolo Maldini
Midfielders: Angelo Colombo - Frank Rijkaard - Carlo Ancelotti - Roberto Donadoni
Striker: Ruud Gullit - Marco van Basten - Lothar Kahn
Capello era
Fabio Capello
When Sacchi leaving Milan to coach Italy, Milan coach Fabio Capello made the next, and Milan won the golden age as Gli Invicibli (The Invicibles) and the Dream Team. With 58 games without a single defeat Invicibli create a dream team in all sectors such as Baresi, Costacurta, and Maldini led the best defense, Marcel Desailly, Donadoni, and Ancelotti in midfield, and Dejan Savićević, Zvonimir Boban, and Daniele Massaro playing in front of the sector. At this Capello coached, Milan had to stop in Indonesia in the context of seasonal and touring the local club against Arsenal London. The game that started at the Bung Karno Main Stadium on June 4, 1994 Milan was won by a landslide score of 8-0. Milan winning goal scored by Dejan Savićević , Gianluigi Lentini , Paolo Baldieri , Christian Antigori , and Stefano Desideri .
Period of hard times (Tabarez to Terim)
1996-1997
After the departure of Fabio Capello in 1996, Milan recruited Oscar Washington Tabarez but struggle under its control is less successful, and they always lose a few games early. In an attempt to regain past glory, they call back Arrigo Sacchi to replace Tabarez. Milan have a hard slap their worst defeat in Serie A, humiliated by Juventus FC in their own homes San Siro with a score of 1-4. Milan to buy some new players like Ibrahim Ba, Christophe Dugarry and Edgar Davids. Milan struggled and ended the 1996-1997 season ranked eleventh in Serie A.
1997-1998
Sacchi was replaced by Capello next season. Capello, who signed a new contract with Milan recruit many potential players such as Christian Ziege, Patrick Kluivert, Jesper Blomqvist, and Leonardo, but the results are just as bad with the previous season. Ended their 1997-1998 season ranked tenth. These results are still unacceptable Milan officials, and the like Sacchi, Capello was sacked.
1998-1999
In their search for a new manager, Alberto Zaccheroni attract the attention of Milan. Zaccheroni is the manager of Udinese which ended in the 1997-1998 season ranked high on the to-3. Milan signed Zaccheroni with two players from Udinese, Oliver Bierhoff and Thomas Helveg. Milan also signed Roberto Ayala, Luigi Sala and Andres Guglielminpietro and Zaccheroni favorite 3-4-3 formation, Zaccheroni led the club to win the scudetto-16 back to Milan. Starting XI is: Christian Abbiati; Luigi Sala, Alessandro Costacurta, Paolo Maldini; Thomas Helveg, Demetrio Albertini, Massimo Ambrosini, Andres Guglielminpietro; Zvonimir Boban, George Weah, Oliver Bierhoff.
1999-2000
Despite its success in previous seasons, failed to transform Milan Zaccheroni as The Dream Team first. In the following season, despite the emergence of Ukrainian striker Andriy Shevchenko, Milan disappointed their fans in both the 1999-2000 UEFA Champions League or Serie A. Milan out of Champions League earlier, only won one out of six games (three draws and two loses) and end the 1999-2000 season in the third place. Milan is not to be a challenge for the Scudetto at the time the two rivals, SS Lazio and Juventus.
2000-2001
In the following season, Milan qualified for the 2000-2001 UEFA Champions League after beating Dinamo Zagreb 9-1 on aggregate. Milan started the Champions League with a high spirit, beat Beşiktaş JK of Turkey and Spanish giants FC Barcelona, which at that time consisted of world-class international superstar, Rivaldo and Patrick Kluivert. But Milan's performance began to decline seriously, the series against a team (which is seen as a small / weak technically to Milan), especially the 2-1 defeat by Juventus in Serie A and 1-0 to Leeds United. In the Champions League second round, Milan only won once and drawn four times. They failed to beat Deportivo de La Coruña of Spain in the last game and Zaccheroni fired. Cesare Maldini, the father of team captain Paolo, was appointed and things immediately get better. Maldini's official coaching debut in Milan's 6-0 start with win over U.S. Bari, who still has young guns, Antonio Cassano. It was also under Maldini that Milan beat derby rivals Internazionale with a remarkable score of 6-0, a score that is never repeated and in which Serginho starred in the game. However, after this peak shape, Milan started losing again including a disappointing 1-0 defeat to Vicenza Calcio, with the only goal in a match scored by Luca Toni. Apart from these results, the board insisted that Milan Milan reached fourth place in the league at the end of the season, but Maldini failed and the team ended up in sixth place.
2001-2002
contract signing star players including Javi Moreno and Cosmin Contra who took Deportivo Alaves to the UEFA Cup finals. They also signed Kakha Kaladze (from Dynamo Kyiv), Rui Costa (from AC Fiorentina), Filippo Inzaghi (from Juventus), Martin Laursen (from Hellas Verona), Jon Dahl Tomasson (from Feyenoord), Umit Davala (Galatasaray) and Andrea Pirlo (from Inter Milan). Fatih Terim was appointed as manager, replacing Cesare Maldini, and quite successful. However, after five months at the club, Milan is not in the top five league and Terim was sacked for failing to meet the expectations of directors.
Ancelotti Era
Terim replaced by Carlo Ancelotti, despite rumors that Franco Baresi will be the new manager. Apart from injury problems defender Paolo Maldini, Ancelotti was successful and ended the season ranked fourth in 2001-02, the last place for the Champions League. Starting XI at the time was Christian Abbiati; Cosmin Contra, Alessandro Costacurta, Martin Laursen, Kakha Kaladze, Gennaro Gattuso, Demetrio Albertini, Serginho; Manuel Rui Costa: Andriy Shevchenko, Filippo Inzaghi. Ancelotti led Milan won the Champions League in season 2002/2003 when they beat Juventus by a shootout in Manchester, England. Milan was the last time prestisus title by winning the Italian League championship in season 2003/2004 as well as striker Andriy Shevchenko put as top scorer in the Italian League, then the rossoneri-even more feared.
Ups and downs 2006-2008
In the Italian league season Serie A 2006/2007, Milan linked with calciopoli scandal that resulted in the club should start a competition with a reduction of 8 points. Even so, the Italian public still proud because in the midst of the destruction caused by the image of Italian football calciopoli, Milan managed to win the football competitions of the most prestigious in the world, the Champions League. Results were obtained after Milan beat Liverpool 2-1 through two goals from Filippo Inzaghi. Completed even this degree of resentment Milan lost on penalties to Liverpool two years ago. Terbanyakpun scorer title disabet genius player Milan, Kaká with a notch 10 goals. In the middle of the season, Milan bring former world player, Ronaldo from Real Madrid striker to strengthen their fleet after the young striker Marco Borriello found guilty of doping. Season 2007/2008, Milan had to play in the UEFA Cup after only managed to rank-5 under Fiorentina by a margin of 2 points. In the last Serie A, Milan's 4-1 win over Udinese, but at the same time, Fiorentina also win over Torino with a score of 1-0 teams that eventually finished second there was no change. To improve performance in the following season (2008/2009), Milan buy some new players, including Mathieu Flamini from Arsenal, and Gianluca Zambrotta and Ronaldinho who both come from Barcelona. In the transfer half of the season 2008/2009, to bring David Beckham to Milan on loan from the United States soccer club LA Galaxy.
Post-Ancelotti
Leonardo Era
At the end of season 2008/2009, Milan was ranked the third league Serie A, two ranks below rivals, Internazionale, who won the Scudetto and the club. To improve this unsatisfactory result, Milan bring in a young coach and former Milan player of the 90s era, Leonardo to replace the previous Milan coach Ancelotti to "move to London", precisely club Chelsea FC. Milan also had to remove some of the players, among others:
Kaka move to Real Madrid. Transfer value of ± 67 million Euro
Paolo Maldini, Milan's legendary defender has decided to retire
Yoann Gourcuff, decided to stay in Bordeaux.
The biggest problem that block the transfer of the Milan players were always think twice about spending money to buy a player. In July and August 2009, Milan have two new players, that is Oguchi Onyewu, who is a former Standard Liege defender on a free transfer and Klaas-Jan Huntelaar former Real Madrid striker with a contract value of Euro 14.7 million. But the results are in Milan at the tournament get a pre-harvest season many disappointments, which revealed by new signing Milan during pre-season tour because Huntelaar Oguchi Onyewu just recently joined in August.
Season 2009/2010 Milan starts with unsatisfactory results. Started when Milan won 2-2 draw against the Los Angeles Galaxy, so on, Milan continued to get negative results. Milan mired in the arena of World Football Challange 2009. In the event the Audi Cup, Milan is also defeated by Bayern Munich with a score of 1-4. In fact, when faced with derby August 30, 2009 against Internazionale at San Siro, Milan humiliating defeat by a score of 0-4, also broke the record for the biggest victory of Inter in San Siro.
Mid-October 2009, the assessment of the various parties about the performance of Leonardo as a coach who had been at a record low due to a spate of bad performance, began to escalate with the success of Leonardo led Milan beat AS Roma 2-1 at San Siro. After the victory, Milan also reap positive results in the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium with a dramatic victory over Real Madrid 3-2. And after that, Milan again reap victory over Chievo Verona at the Stadio Marc'Antonio Bentegodi, home to Chievo, a score of 2-1 to AC Milan victory. On 1 November 2009, Milan beat Parma FC San Siro in Milan to a 2-0 lead at once ranked fourth standings (Zone Champions League last entry). On 19 November 2009, 0-2 defeat of Juventus FC from Cagliari to Milan was in the runner-up at the bottom of Internazionale, because, a few hours after the defeat of Juventus, Milan won the match with Catania, 2-0.
Entering the Serie A season-ending April 2010, Milan was in third place and only the difference of four points of the first rank kelasemen AS Roma, and only one point with a second place Inter Milan. But in the end Milan had beaten twice in a row from 2-1 Sampdoria and Palermo with a score of 3-1. With the defeat, the dream of Milan for the title this season disappeared. Giornata last match in Serie A 2009/2010 between Milan against Juventus, Milan beat Juventus Leonardo led 3-0 at San Siro, while giving his last contribution to the rossoneri, and announced that he would stop train to Milan next season.
Since the resignation of Leonardo, who believes a lot of speculation about the new coach of Milan, but on June 25, 2010, Milan announced a surprise party to choose a new coach Massimiliano Allegri as Milan.
Allegri era, the 18th Scudetto
Season 2010/2011, Milan led by Massimiliano Allegri, with a variety of updates ranging from the sponsor (bwin.com replaced Emirates), to the line of players. At the end of the transfer market, bringing a surprising Milan Zlatan Ibrahimovic of FC Barcelona (with an option to purchase loans and 24 million euros at the end of the season), and Robinho of Manchester City. Beginning of the season, Milan were surprised by the 0-2 defeat of the campaign team AC Cesena, although the match both Ibrahimovic and Robinho made his debut.
In the derby match on 14 November 2010, defeating Internazionale Milan at the Giuseppe Meazza with a single goal Ibrahimovic penalty. In the transfer half of the season, Milan brought some new players like Antonio Cassano from UC Sampdoria, Mark van Bommel of Bayern Munich, and Nicola Legrottaglie of Juventus FC. In the Champions League, Milan who broke through the group stage humiliation Tottenham Hotspur by a score of 0-1 at San Siro. March 13, 2011, Milan suffered a 1-1 draw with bottom of the standings U.S. residents Bari, the next week of March 19, Milan humiliated U.S. Citta di Palermo 0-1 at the Stadio Renzo Barbera.
The defeat was made within 2 points with Internazionale position was reduced to 2 points, and it happened just before the second round of the Milan derby. 2 April, derby between Inter Milan and held at the San Siro, Milan ended with a 3-0 victory, thanks to two goals and one goal Pato Cassano. On May 7, 2011, Milan won 0-0 draw with AS Rome, 1 additional point to draw Milan points to 78 points, rank 2 was overtaken Inter since losing head-to-head, and make Milan won the Serie A or Serie a to-18. On August 6, 2011, was reunited with Inter Milan in the framework of the Italian Super Cup match, Milan as the Serie A champions Inter as champions met the Italian Cup. Milan won the game 2-1 with goals from Ibrahimovic and Boateng, while the goals Inter scored by Wesley Sneijder, making Milan winning a Super Cup of Inter.
2012 Summer Olympics, formally called the Games of the XXX Olympiad, or "London 2012 Olympics", will be held in London, England, United Kingdom from July 27 until August 12 2012.London will be the first city to officially entered the modern Olympics as much as three times, after 1908 and 1948.
London was chosen as host city on July 6, 2005 at the 117th IOC meeting in Singapore, defeating Moscow, New York City, Madrid, and Paris after four rounds of voting suara.Pengundian London is led by former Olympic champion Sebastian Coe.
This encourages the implementation of the Olympic redevelopment of some areas of London venue for the match with the theme of environmental sustainability. Although budgetary considerations reap a number of criticisms, These Olympics will take advantage of the gym that was built before the draw, including Wembley Stadium, Wembley Arena, Wimbledon All England Club, Lord's Cricket Ground, The O2 Arena, Earls Court Exhibition Centre, Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy, and the Excel Centre.
The process of drawing
On May 18, 2004, the International Olympic Committee (IOC), as a result of the technical assessment, reducing the number of candidate cities to five: London, Madrid, Moscow, New York, and Paris.
On 19 November 2004, the five candidate cities have submitted their candidature file to the International Olympic Committee. IOC evaluation team visited the five candidate cities in February and March 2005. The nomination of Paris have two barriers during the IOC inspection visit: a series of riots and demonstrations coinciding with the visit of the IOC and the reports that Guy Drut, a member of the Paris bid team and an important member of the IOC, will be tried on charges of financial corruption of political parties.
On June 6, 2005, the International Olympic Committee released a report on the assessment of the five candidate cities. Although the report does not contain any scores or rankings, ratings report for Paris was considered the most positive, followed by London, which narrowed the gap at the initial assessment in 2004 of Paris. New York and Madrid also received a very positive evaluation reports.
Throughout the meeting to vote on the IOC-117, Paris is expected to win this nomination, mainly because his candidacy is the third in modern Olympic history. Initially, London seemed left over from Paris with a reasonable margin; however, this difference has significantly thinned after the appointment of Sebastian Coe as new head of the London 2012 on May 19, 2004, reports emerged that predicts that London and Paris series on the nomination in 2012. In the last round of the 117th IOC meeting, London and Paris seemed vying with each other to collect votes. On July 1, 2005, Jacques Rogge, when asked about who the winners, said to the press: "I can not predict it because I do not know how to pick up members of the IOC vote. However I feel the sound will be very thin. It may be said difference of ten votes, or less ".
On July 6, 2005, the final selection was announced at the Raffles City Convention Centre, Singapore, venue for the 117th IOC meeting. Prime Minister Tony Blair's Britain is the only leader of the five candidate cities state that personal lobbying (he is also the only top official who attended the Olympic Games 2004). Moscow was the first city that was dropped, followed by New York and Madrid. The last two cities are London and Paris left. At the end of the fourth round of voting, London won the right implementation of the 2012 Olympic Games with 54 votes, defeating Paris by 50 votes. French newspapers blamed the Paris loss on French President Jacques Chirac's statements before the vote that "We can not trust people [Britain] is bad food. After Finland, the country's worst food.
Two members of the International Olympic Committee today comes from Finland. Several other news sources cited Bertrand Delanoë complaints about late-night secret meeting between Tony Blair with a number of IOC representatives (from Africa) because it has a strong influence on the final vote. When reporting London's win, British media covered the atmosphere of the crowd in France and Britain (and the other candidate cities), and compared the reaction of excited in London by the reaction of the crowd in Paris France wished menang.Sayangnya, celebrations in London did not last long when it attacked the London transport system by terrorists less than 24 hours after the announcement.
In December 2005, Alex Gilady, a senior IOC official, accusing London won the right to the Olympics because of an error voting. A London 2012 spokesman denied this, saying, "In the end, the ballot box is still a secret. It is the opinion of one person. The result is more important and we do not want to engage in such speculation.
Development and preparation
London Organising Committee for the Olympic Games was formed to oversee the Olympics after winning the draw and held its first board meeting on October 3, chaired by Lord Coe 2005.Komite is tasked to implement and host the Olympics, while the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) tasked to build the arena and the necessary infrastructure. In April 2006, the board of the Olympic Delivery Authority was formed.
Government Olympic Executive (GOE), a unit within the Department of Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS), the leader of the government agency coordinating the London 2012 Olympics. GOE reports through the DCMS Permanent Secretary to the Minister of Sports and Olympics. GOE alannya oversees the Olympics, cross-program and program management Heritage London 2012 Olympics before and after the operation that will benefit London and the United Kingdom. The organization also oversees public sector funding worth £ 9.3 billion.
On August 2011, a number of security issues are sticking out of the Olympics in London, due to the riots Britain 2011, with several countries have expressed concern over the safety of the Olympics, although the International Olympic Committee to ensure that violence will not affect the course of the Games.
IOC Coordination Commission for the 2012 Olympics completed their ninth visit to London in October 2011. They concluded that London has made remarkable progress and the 2012 Olympics will generate a lasting legacy. This commission will make his last visit to London in March 2012. London was awarded the 2017 World Championships in Athletics in November 2011.
Sports arena and infrastructure
2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games will utilize a variety of new arenas, or existing facilities that already exist, and temporary facilities, some of which are located in famous venues such as Hyde Park and Horse Guards Parade. Some new facilities will be reused in the form of Olympic, while the remainder will be enlarged or relocated.
Most of the arena was divided into three zones in Greater London: the Olympic Zone, the River Zone and Central Zone. In addition, there is also a rink outside Greater London boundary, such as the Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy on the Isle of Portland in Dorset which became the venue for sailing, about 125 miles (200 km) south-west of Olympic Park. Football tournament to be held in several fields in the whole of Britain.
Park construction began in December 2006 when the sports hall at Eton Manor razed. House, Portland athlete was completed in September 2011.
In November 2004, the plan area of 500 acre Olympic Park site diluncurkan.Rencana passed in September 2004 by the Tower Hamlets, Newham, Hackney and Waltham Forest. Redevelopment of this area to build the Olympic Park requires a compulsory purchase order property. London Development Agency and London and Continental Railways has a dispute over this command in November 2005. LCR accused the LDA lethal development in the region. LDA plans to buy land for development projects with the Stratford City Olympic Park, which will change the Stratford Rail Lands land area of 180 acres into a mixed development includes 4500 new homes, offices, hotels and shops. The plan was completed in 2011 with the completion of construction the largest urban shopping center in Europe, operated Westfield. In May 2006, 86% of land has been purchased, while the businessman against his expulsion. It is pushing for an examination. 206 companies are obliged to move in July 2007. In addition, people who refuse eviction find a way to stop it by creating a campaign. Unfortunately, they had to leave because the land had been purchased 94% and 6% were purchased when the project is worth £ 9 billion regeneration begins.
However, there are a number of problems at the beginning of a race due to untested or failed financially. For example, road racing was originally scheduled to be held in Regent's Park and Hampstead Heath, but moved to the starting line and end at The Mall in Central London and the route to Surrey in the south and around Box Hill. The event cycling Olympic Mountain will be held in Hadleigh Farm, moved from the Weald Country Park, after the UCI track in the park was declared "too easy" in July 2008Muncul news that the bike path will be built in Wales. A location in Kent also briefly considered
Trajectory of the Olympic marathon, which is scheduled to finish in the Olympic stadium, was moved to the mall. This idea was criticized by a number of local community members who stated that they were excluded from the Olympics, even though the event was held in their backyard, there is no event to be held in their borough. The change was made because if the Tower Bridge is closed, there will be a traffic jam in London.North Greenwich Arena 2 canceled the cost-cutting operation, and Wembley Arena is used for badminton and rhythmic gymnastics.
Public transport
Olympic Javelin train
London public transport is drawing elements that were scored low in the initial assessment of the IOC, but they felt that if improvements are made on time for the Olympics, then London will be able to his conduct. Transport for London (TfL) perform a variety of improvements in preparation for 2012, including the East London Line extension on London Overground system, updating the Docklands Light Railway and the North London Line, and the introduction of new high-speed train service named "Javelin" trains that use "bullet "made by Hitachi Corporation. In September 2011, found that the platform at Stratford International Station has a height that is not fit to train Javelin. The platform was increased use of timber to be released again after the Olympics, because the platform is designed for the Eurostar, and it is expected that Eurostar will stop at the station after 2012. According to the rail network operator, 4,000 additional train service will operate during the Olympic Games , with train operators to operate longer trains during the day.
TfL also plans to build a cable car worth £ 25 million across the River Thames, called the "Thames Gateway Cable Car", for linking the venue for the 2012 Olympics. [64] Cable cars will be crossing the River Thames between Greenwich Peninsula and Royal Docks, capable of transporting 2500 passengers 2500 passengers per hour at an altitude of 50 meters from the river surface. Transportation system is designed to save travel time between the O2 arena and ExCel exhibition center - both Olympic venues. This privately funded system can provide crossings every 30 seconds.
The plan is 80% of the athletes can travel less than 20 minutes into the sports arena and 93% of athletes within 30 menit.Olympic Park will be served by ten separate railway lines with a combined capacity of 240 000 passengers per hour. In addition, LOCOG are planning a sporting 90% is served by three or more types of public transport.] Two-and parking-roads built in the outskirts of the M25 with a combined capacity of 12 000 cars and 25 minutes travel time from the Olympic Park. Site parking and other road to be built at Ebbsfleet with a capacity of 9,000 cars, and the audience can ride the shuttle bus takes about 10 menit.Untuk bringing the audience to Eton Dorney, four parking scheme and the road was created. Attendance will be deployed at Windsor Racecourse and across the bridge over the River Thames to connect the stadium running track with a paddle.
London Underground train decorated to promote London's Olympic bid - this time with an investment in the city's public transport network.
Various issues arose about the logistics of spectators traveling to the Olympic venues outside London. In addition, cruise event in Portland are in an area with no roads connect the motor directly, and with the usual local road traffic packed with tourists in summer panas.Tetapi, Weymouth area doing a major overhaul terhadpa road infrastructure. An auxiliary path worth £ 77 million that connects Weymouth to Dorchester built and opened in 2011. The remaining £ 16 million savings for continued improvements. In addition, the plan to remove five ring roads to reduce congestion and replace it with traffic lights Unfortunately some people do not like the way the circle is destroyed.
On January 2010, the board of South East England regional transportation plan Olympics Development Authority criticized for not providing long-term plan the bus network, saying, "ODA has tried to build an extensive network of bus ... [but] the absence of references to this project [the plan] quite astonishing and alarming. " On February 15, 2010, ODA announced that FirstGroup is the candidate elected to operate a bus service temporarily for the Olympics. This will involve the temporary operation of the shuttle bus and the site-and-street parking, a service that connects the site-and-street parking around the M25 to the Olympic Park and Ebbsfleet, as well as a national network of express buses to the Olympic Park, and the rink Weymouth and Portland sailing boat . These services will require 900 vehicles, although some of them will be contracted.
Countdown
A digital clock in Trafalgar Square to start the countdown to the opening ceremony on March 14, 2011. Unfortunately, less than 24 hours after power on, the clock is experiencing a technical error and stop counting, displaying "500 (days) 7 (hours) 06 (minutes) 56 (seconds)". Clock is immediately repaired.
Scheduling problems
A number of representatives of Muslim majority countries have complained that the 2012 Olympics will be held during the month of Ramadan, which in 2012 began on July 20 to August 19. During Ramadan, Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset, so the less fortunate Muslim athletes at a race. Some Muslim representatives called for the Olympic Games rescheduled outside this period.
Security
The British government announced in December 2011 that 13 500 members of the armed forces will be deployed to secure the Olympics, as well as 10,000 police (who will oversee the implementation of security). Naval and air assets, including boats on the River Thames, the Eurofighter jet and missile surface-to-air, will be prepared as part of security operations. Security costs also increased from 282 million to 553 million pounds. This will be the biggest security operation Britain faced for decades. The total (13 500 members of the armed forces) more than the British stationed in Afghanistan.
Logo
There are two London 2012 logos: one for the drawing process created Kino Design and a second as the Olympic brand itself. The first logo of a ribbon with a blue stripe, yellow, black, green, and red across the text "LONDON 2012", follows the River Thames in East London. The second logo, designed by Wolff Olins, was launched on June 4, 2007 and will cost £ 400,000. The new logo is a depiction of the number 2012, with the Olympic rings included in the number zero.
The default color is green, magenta, orange and blue; but the logo has been matched with a variety of colors, including the Union Flag to promote the handover ceremony. The flexibility also allows the sponsor's logo to unite their corporate color into its own version of the logo, such as Lloyds TSB, British Airways, and Adidas.
London 2012 has stated that the new logo is aimed at young people. Sebastian Coe said that the logo represents all of the words of the organizing committee "of reaching and encouraging young people, who become our challenge over the next five years". One observer, managing director of an advertising agency, said that the logo is very similar to the logo of chldren's television program year 1974-1982, Tiswas, he commented that it is difficult to target the youth, and they will be realized through efforts to lead them.
Initial public reaction against this logo, according to voting on the BBC web site, most of the negative: over 80% of the vote gave the lowest penialain for this logo. Some newspapers even had a competition and show off your own logo submissions from readers alternative. The Sun shows a monkey monkey design. [93] There were also comments that the logo resembles the cartoon character Lisa Simpson performing fellatio [94] and others complained that the logo is similar to the modified swastika. In February 2011, Iran complained that the logo This seemed to spell the word "Zion" and threatened to boycott the Olympics. Iran to send the complaint to the International Olympic Committee, while claiming the logo is "racist", ask the designer logo is drawn and "condemned". IOC "silently" reject the request, and Iran announced that they would boycott the event of this sport.
A segment of animated footage released at the same time as its logo reportedly resulted in seizures in some people with photosensitive epilepsy. The charity Epilepsy Action received calls from people with seizures after seeing the footage on TV. In response, the short segment was immediately removed from the website of London 2012. Ken Livingstone, Mayor of London, said that the company that designed the film does not need to be charged with "serious error" is.
A blogger on the BBC says that "the new London 2012 logo throughout the country resulted in the conversation [although] not as expected by the organizer. An employee of this logo design firm describes as" intelligent "and anticipate that the logo is" capable of being a source of pride for London and Olympics. "
On October 2008, reported that 20% of sales in the Adidas flagship store in Oxford Street come from the Olympic logo pictorial dress, though pajangannya occupy only 5% of store space.
Mascot
The official mascot of the Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2012 were announced on May 19, 2010 marks the second time the Olympic and Paralympic mascot was announced on the same date (after Vancouver. Wenlock and Mandeville is an animation that shows two drops of steel from the steel industry in Bolton. They are named Wenlock, named after the town of Much Wenlock in Shropshire predecessors organized the 2012 London Olympics, and Mandeville, according to Stoke Mandeville, a village in Buckinghamshire where the predecessor of the Paralympics was held. author Michael Morpurgo to write a story about the mascot of this concept, and a second animated character was also made ; this animated series will form part of the mascot is the Olympics of 2012. [103] Two stories have been made about this mascot: Out Of A Rainbow, the story of how the Wenlock and Mandeville was born, and Adventures On A Rainbow, featuring children from Out Of A Rainbow mascot meet and try different Olympic and Paralympic sports.
The ceremony
This ceremony marks the moment when the previous event in Beijing in 2008 handed the Olympic flag to the new host city, which is London.Walikota London Boris Johnson received the flag from Beijing Mayor Guo Jinlong, on behalf of London. The next section, entitled "From London," With a whole lotta love. " The ceremony featured the urban dance group ZooNation, Royal Ballet and Candoco, a quadriplegic dance group, all dressed like London commuters waiting for bus at the edge of crossing the road. While Olympic champion Chris Hoy, Victoria Pendleton and Shanaze Reade BMX World Champion (replaced Jamie Staff as Reade suffered a broken hand in the previous race) cycling around the stadium. A multilevel bus around the stadium accompanied by music composed by Philip Sheppard and stop forming hedges featuring a variety of famous London landmarks such as Tower Bridge, The Gherkin and London Eye. Jimmy Page and Leona Lewis then sang the song titled Led Zeppelin classic Whole Lotta Love and David Beckham kicked the ball into the crowd of athletes accompanied by violinist Elspeth Hanson and cellist Kwesi Edman.
For the 2012 London Olympics, 'Take Up The Challenge' is the ultimate music that will inspire a new generation of athletes. The song was composed by Rob Cremona, a trumpet player and multi-UK-Malta instumentalis from Woking, Surrey. Meanwhile, the ceremony is celebrated in many forms events throughout Britain. The BBC broadcast "The Visa London 2012 Party" on BBC One and Radio 2, while a free concert at The Mall in Central London was attended by 40,000 people. In many areas in Britain, there is a screen that shows directly the activities in Beijing, the Closing Ceremony and the concert itself. Local communities throughout Britain also entered the show itself.
Ahead of Olympics
Display inaugural medal in Trafalgar Square.
On July 27, 2011, London celebrated the one year to the start of the Olympics with a special event in Trafalgar Square. There are also other events in town such as Lord Coe and Colin Jackson set foot on the cement at St Pancras Station, while the Aquatics Centre was opened by Tom Daly jumps off the board altitude of 10 meters. In Trafalgar Square, Jacques Rogge invites the world to come to London.Perdana Minister David Cameron promises that the London Olympics is the largest, while Boris Johnson joked that this Olympics is the worst. The Royal Mail announced that it will print a special stamp to celebrate each gold medal won by a British athlete.
Medal
In December 2010, the Royal Mint announced that they will produce the Olympic and Paralympic medals. Royal Mint plans to produce medals at the 4700 event sport. David Watkins medal design has a 7mm thick and weighs 375-400g. Each medal will be inscribed the name of sport in the suburbs. Like the previous Olympic medal design, the front of the medal of the London Greek goddess of victory, Nike, up from the Parthenon. The back is the Olympic logo, and the tape depicting the River Thames with a line that symbolizes the unity and energy terpancar.Medali will use the purple ribbon to symbolize the kingdom and protocols. Princess Royal unveiled the medal design. In a poll by the Telegraph, only 66% of respondents who liked the design. Designer David Watkins said, "I believe this design will be liked a lot of people.
London 2012 Olympic Games will be the tenth (also counting the Summer and Winter) when the Panasonic digital technology is used as the official recording format since the 1992 Barcelona Olympics. Official international video will be produced and distributed by the International Broadcast Centre (IBC) in London Olympic Park, in 1080/50i format High-Definition (HD). Panasonic announced that DVCPRO HD will be the official recording format for recording the course of the Olympics. Olympic Broadcasting Services London (OBSL), the host broadcaster, will use the P2 HD series equipment to support the broadcasting of this competition. Camera to be used is the AG-HPX250, P2 HD handheld camera is the first company with AVC-Intra recording, and two new HD AVCCAM handheld cameras, AG-AG-AC160 and AC130, with Full HD pictures and HD 21x magnifying lens is a new and more width.
The continued commitment of the IOC in providing television coverage over the air to the audience as much as possible around the world, London 2012 is scheduled to be broadcast by a number of regional broadcasters. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is the local broadcaster Channel 4 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games for the local broadcaster. The BBC will broadcast 5,000 hours Olympics through various channels. Most of the actual broadcasting of the Olympic Broadcasting Services taken (OBS). United States television rights currently owned by NBC, which is about half the revenue for the IOC's rights. Many television broadcasters have given the broadcast rights agency and studio in London, but since Olipiade Winter 1988 in Calgary, operating rights holder is held in International Broadcast Centre (IBC). IBC planned to be built in London Olympic Park.
Social media will play an important role in the Olympics. Online technologies are being developed for the 2012 London Olympics and YouTube will broadcast the Olympics to the world as part of the approval of the IOC.
In Indonesia, the London 2012 Olympic Games broadcast rights are still being contested by Media Nusantara Citra, Crown Eagle Technology, Media Vision Asia and the Trans Corpora. While TVRI only as a companion to the private television broadcast rights holders.
Olympic flag
On 26 September 2008, the Olympic and Paralympic Games flag was raised outside City Hall for the launch of London as a city of the Olympics and Paralympics in 2012. Beijing gold medalist Christine Ohuruogu raised the Olympic flag, while the winner of the Paralympics, Helene Raynsford and Chris Holmes raised the flag of the Paralympics.
Environmental policy
Olympic Park will include 45 acres of wildlife habitat, with a total of 525 nests and 150 nests of bats. Waterway and the river will be utilized as part of this process.
Renewable energy will be used in the Olympics. 20% of the energy originally planned Olympic Park and Village use of renewable technologies; however, currently estimated to amount to only 9%. Proposals to achieve the initial target includes large-scale wind turbines in place and hydroelectric generator on the River Thames. Unfortunately, these plans failed because of this plan keselamatan.Fokus transferred to the installation of solar panels on some buildings and provide an opportunity to make energy from waste.
Olympic food packaging will be made of perishable materials - such as thorns and cellulose-based bioplastics - which can not be reused or recycled. These materials will be used for fast-food wrappers, sandwich boxes and beverage cartons. Once widely used, these materials are worth experiencing anaerobic digestion, which can be used as renewable energy.
Tourism and the 2012 Games
2012 Olympic Park near Stratford attract new tourists to the area. Bicycle and pedestrian paths are updated at the Greenway provides an ideal viewpoint overlooking the garden, while the site is still closed to the public.
There are daily tours to the public road along the site in 2012 led by Blue Badge tour guide. Tour starting from the underground station Bromley-by-Bow at 11 am followed by more than 1,000 people each month. This tour is run by a guide who is specially trained to talk about the 2012 Olympics as well as local traditions and history.
In 2010, Blue Badge Guides lead the 220 visits from colleges and schools to the 2012 Olympic site and surrounding the Olympic arena. During the summer, they guide more than 1,000 new visitors and tourists every day around the 2012 Olympic site in East London.
In 2011, a new initiative to bring tourists and visitors to this area will involve the manufacture of public water bus route from Limehouse Basin to waters near the Olympic Park.
Critics of the policy of the IOC athletes
IOC has drawn criticism because of regulations which, according to social media commentators seem to violate the free speech rights of the athletes. The rules prohibit athletes seem to comment on other participants, sponsors promote yourself, or use the word "Olympic" (with certain exceptions) on his personal website. Another criticism aimed at the establishment of a website by the IOC to allow the reporting of alleged violations of these regulations.
participating countries
Athletes from 204 NOCs will participate. The Netherlands Antilles Olympic Committee, which plans to continue operating after the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles, its membership revoked by the IOC Executive Committee at the IOC meeting in June 2011. However, the Dutch Antilles athletes qualified for the 2012 Olympics will be participating independently under the Olympic flag. Here is the NOC that has at least one qualified athlete. On 26 November 2011, 144 countries had at least one qualified athlete.
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
Andorra
Angola
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
The Bahamas
Bahrain
Barbados
Belarus
Belgium
Bermuda
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
British Virgin Islands
Bulgaria
Burundi
Cameroon
Canada
Cayman Islands
Chile
People's Republic of China
Colombia
Republic of Congo
Democratic Republic of Congo
Costa Rica
Côte d'Ivoire
Croatia
Cuba
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominican
Republic Dominik
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Eritrea
Estonia
Ethiopia
Fiji
Finland
France
Gabon
Georgia
German
Ghana
Great Britain
Greece
Grenada
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Hong Kong
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
North Korea
South Korea
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Lebanon
Liberia
Libya
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malaysia
Malta
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
Russia
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Samoa
San Marino
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
South Africa
Spain
Sudan
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Chinese Taipei
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisian
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Uganda
Ukraine
United States
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Venezuela
Vietnam
Virgin Islands
Zambia
Zimbabwe
